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KMID : 0387820180250010031
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Clinical Pediatric Hematology-Oncology
2018 Volume.25 No. 1 p.31 ~ p.37
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Family History as a Risk Factor for Iron Deficiency Anemia among Korean Adolescents: Data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
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Chueh Hee-Won
Choi Yun-Chang
Shin Jung-Hyun
Yoo Jae-Ho
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Abstract
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Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a disease prevalent throughout the world. However, there is limited information regarding whether familial factors are associated with the risk of adolescent IDA.
Methods: This study evaluated the association between adolescent IDA and family history of IDA using data from the fifth Korea National Health Nutrition Survey (2010-2012). Data from 10-18-year-old children who underwent laboratory testing were analyzed.
Results: The overall prevalence of IDA was 3.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4-4.1%), with prevalence of 0.5% among boys (95% CI: 0.2-1.3%) and 6.2% among girls (95% CI: 4.6-8.3%). The prevalence of IDA was associated with female sex (odds ratio [OR]: 13.43, 95% CI: 4.92-36.65; P＜0.001) and a family history of IDA (OR: 3.12, 95% CI: 1.11-8.76; P=0.03). Other risk factors for IDA were receiving social welfare support (OR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.45-7.56; P=0.031), low maternal education (OR: 3.12, 95% CI: 1.39-6.99; P=0.006), receiving charitable food support (OR: 2.27: 95% CI: 0.95-5.44; P=0.04), poor body-image (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.16-3.93; P=0.026), and weight-loss efforts (OR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.27-4.61; P=0.01). Nutritional supplementation protected against IDA (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.19-0.82; P=0.007), although adolescents with awareness of nutritional labels had a high IDA prevalence (OR: 8.06, 95% CI: 1.71-38.05; P＜0.001).
Conclusion: A family history of IDA was an independent risk factor for IDA. Further studies are needed to determine whether family-level educational interventions can reduce the risk of adolescent IDA.
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KEYWORD
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Anemia, Iron-deficiency, Adolescent, Family medical history
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